Israel, a country with diverse geography, is situated in West Asia at the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea. Its neighbors include Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank to the east, and Egypt to the southwest.
To the west, Israel is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, which accounts for most of its 273 km coastline, while the Gaza Strip lies along its southwestern border. The southernmost tip of Israel provides access to the Red Sea.
Israel’s Geographic Features
Spanning an area of approximately 20,770 km², Israel includes 445 km² of inland water. From north to south, the country stretches 424 km, while its width varies between 114 km at its broadest and just 10 km at its narrowest.
Israel’s landscape ranges from desert regions in the south, like the Negev covering over half the country, to the snow-capped Mount Hermon in the north.
Key landmarks include the Dead Sea, the lowest point on Earth at -417 meters, and the fertile Jezreel Valley.
The country’s highest point in internationally recognized territory is Mount Meron at 1,208 meters. Central Israel features the Judean Hills, while its northern region is characterized by the hilly Galilee area and the Sea of Galilee.
Surrounding Territories
The Israeli-occupied territories include:
- West Bank: 5,879 km²
- East Jerusalem: 70 km²
- Golan Heights: 1,150 km²
While Israel annexed East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights, these actions remain unrecognized by the international community.
Historical Context
Before World War I, the boundaries of the region known as Palestine were vaguely defined.
The British Mandate for Palestine later established geopolitical borders, distinguishing it from neighboring countries.
These boundaries remained largely unchanged during British administration.
Key Coordinates and Dimensions
Located north of the equator at 31°30′ N and 34°45′ E, Israel’s territorial waters extend 12 nautical miles into the sea.
Its unique geography, diverse climates, and strategic location make it a significant point of interest in Asia.
In conclusion, while Israel is geographically part of West Asia, its cultural and historical significance connects it with regions across Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.
